The crude oil is then further processed in a dehydration unit to reduce the water content to a value that acceptable for transportation or sales.
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Crude stabilization is performed to achieve the specified RVPĪfter free water removal, produced oil may contain residual emulsified water. Thus the crude oil will either be stabilized or partially stabilized. In the separation train, most volatile components of the well fluid will be vaporized. The separation train may consist of several stages of separators. Well fluids enter a separation train where the crude oil, gas, and bulk water are separated. Figure 1 shows a typical schematic of oil and gas production.įigure 1. The product from the wells typically consists of oil gas associated produced water and sediment. The primary function of a production facility is to separate the product from the wells into saleable products and dispose of the rest in an environmentally friendly manner. TVP : True Vapour Pressure 4.0 DESCRIPTION 4.1 Overview Production PTB : Pounds of salt per thousand barrels of oil RVP is slightly lower than the True Vapour Pressure (TVP) at 100 oF.Ĭrude stabilization is a process of removing volatile components from crude oil to reduce its vapour pressure. The sample is placed in a chamber at a constant temperature of 100 oF. Reid Vapour Pressure (RVP) is measured by ASTM D-323 testing method. The pour point is measured by ASTM D-97 testing method.
Pour point is the temperature at which the crude oil becomes semi solid and ceases to flow. Cloud point is measured by ASTM D-2500 testing method. In the petroleum industry, cloud point refers to the temperature below which wax in crude oil form a cloudy appearance. In large molecules the aromatic rings are interconnected by paraffinic groups and by sulphurĬloud point is the temperature at which dissolved solids are no longer completely soluble, precipitating as a second phase giving the fluid a cloudy appearance. These molecules are made up of aromatic clusters containing a polar heteroatom group. API gravity is defined by the following formula Īsphaltenes are molecular substances in crude oil that are insoluble in low boiling hydrocarbon liquids such as heptane and are also non-distillable. 3.0 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS 3.1 DefinitionsĪPI gravity is a measure of how heavy or light a petroleum liquid is compared to water. Specific requirements of Project / Client / Local regulations shall prevail over the contents of this guide. This guide covers the overall summary of processing schemes, typical crude specification, and data to help developing a preliminary phase of design. This document provides an overview of separation of crude oil from well fluid for further processing. This design guide is prepared to provide basic information and consideration for the process design aspect of Crude Oil Processing for typical offshore facilities.